Founded initially by the Massachusetts legislature and shortly after John Harvard (the first benefactor) name, Harvard higher education in the United States is the oldest institution of the Harvard Corporation (formally the President and the Harvard College Fellows) company which was first hired. Despite it never officially affiliated to any sect, early college first independent count of the churches and congregations of the Unitarian clergy trained. His curriculum and student body gradually 18th century when it was secularized in the 19th century by between Harvard and Boston elite has emerged as the central cultural institutions. After the American Civil War, President Charles W. Eliot's long tenure (1869-1909) transformed the university and its affiliated professional schools into a modern research university; Harvard University in 1900. James Bryant Conant founding member of the American Great Depression and the Second World War and was led by university curriculum reform and liberalize admissions after the war began. Radcliffe College with undergraduate university in 1977 after the merger has been mixed.
University of eleven separate academic units-one faculty and the Institute of Radcliffe for Advanced Study-Boston is arranged on campuses throughout the metropolitan area: its 209 acres (85 ha) main campus, in Cambridge, Harvard focuses on Yard, about 3 miles (5 km) from Boston northwest; business school and athletics facilities, including Harvard Stadium, Boston and medicine, dentistry and public health schools in the Allston neighborhood located on the Charles River is located in the Longwood Medical Area. Harvard 36400000000 $ standing of any academic institution in the world, has the largest financial donation.
Harvard is a large, very residential research university. Participation of high nominal cost, but provides generous financial aid packages offer large donations to the university. This volume 79 in the world, covering more than 18 million individual libraries largest academic and special libraries system, the Harvard Library, next to several arts, cultural, scientific and museum operates. Graduates of eight US presidents of Harvard, several foreign heads of state, 62 living billionaires, there are 335 Rhodes Scholars and 242 Marshall Scholars. So far about 150 Nobel Prizes and Fields Medals 5 (worthy of the time) students, as has been the faculty or staff.
Latin: Universitas Harvard until
motto: Veritas
Slogan English
Real
Research - Special Type
1636 Organization
Donation $ 37600000000
President Drew Gilpin Faust
Academic staff 4671
Students 21,000
6700 undergraduate students
14,500 graduate
In Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States
Urban Campus
210 acres (85 hectares) (main campus)
21 acres (8.5 ha) (medical campus)
360 acres (150 ha) (Allston campus)
4,500 acres (1800 ha) (other holdings)
Harvard Crimson student newspaper
Colors Crimson [3]
Athletics NCAA Division I - Ivy League
42 college sports teams
Username Harvard Crimson
Membership of the NAIC
AIC
AAI
URA
The website was Harvard.e
Harvard University logo (with the coat of arms)
Contents
====================
1 History
1.1 Colonial
1.2 19th century
1.3 20th century
1.4 21st century
2 Campus
2.1 Satellite systems
2.2 Important campus expansion
3 organization and management
3.1 Governance
3.2 Donation
3.2.1 Isolation
4 Academic
4.1 Acceptance
4.2 Learning and Teaching
4.3 Research
4.4 Libraries and museums
4.5 University rankings
5 Student life
5.1 Student body
5.2 Athletics
5.3 Song
6 Notable alumni
7 Important faculty
8 Literature and popular culture
8.1 literature
8.2 Movie
9. See also
10 References
10.1 Citations
10.2 Further reading
11 External links
History
===============
Main article: Harvard University History colonial
Engraving of Harvard College by Paul Revere in 1767
Harvard Massachusetts Bay Colony was founded by the Great and General Court of the vote in 1636. Initially called "New College" or "New Town college" was called. In 1638, the university moved to the ship by John North America's first known printing house in London was home. In 1639, college graduates of Cambridge University, the late clergyman John Harvard, then was renamed Harvard College. £ 779 he had left school and its library of 400 books. The statute creating the Harvard Corporation was awarded in 1650.
College trained many Puritan ministers in the first year. (A 1643 publication school's goal is to "present ministers shall lie in the dust worry when leaving a ministry illiterate church reading, to promote learning and to live for future generations," he said.) This English university model offered a classical curriculum - many leaders in the colony Cambridge-University of Puritanism he had joined but conformed. This depends on any denomination, but many of the early graduates became the clergy was not in Congregational and Unitarian churches.
Mather in 1708 year in 1685 until 1701 served as the leading Boston divine Increase as president, John Leverett was not a priest marked a turning intellectual independence Puritanism towards college, became the first president.
19th century
John Harvard statue in Harvard Yard
During the 18th century, reason and free will, the power of the Enlightenment ideas of Theology when David Tappan Hollis Professor killed more traditional, Calvinist these ministers tension with parties.:1-4 and putting their congregation, congregations in 1803 and Harvard Joseph Willard chairman widespread among ministers independent counts of the church a fight broke out on their replacement, in 1804, he died a year later. Henry Ware was elected chair in 1805 and the liberal Samuel Webber, a liberal, the dominance of the Arminia ideas (for Harvard in the influence of the tide changing sign traditional ideas, which two years later Unitarian ideas defined by appointed Harvard presidency traditionalists).: 4-5: 24
In 1846, Louis Agassiz natural course of lectures at Harvard College campus in New York and found that collects both admiration. Agassiz's approach and pronounced idealistic Americans' participation in the Divine Nature "and" intellectual assets "posited the possibility of understanding. Agassiz's perspective of the science of intuition and a person of all events "divine plan" combined observations with the assumption that you can understand. When describing life forms, Agassiz resorted to matters of shape based on estimates for its evidence archetypes. Knowledge of these two views are part of the Scottish philosopher Thomas Reid and Dugald Stewart, who works at the Harvard curriculum was derived in harmony with the teachings of Common Sense Realism. "Soar with Plato" The popularity of Agassiz's efforts probably a romantic and Samuel Coleridge Ralph cudworth John Platonic works by Norrisand including Harvard students were exposed to other writings which are derived. library records at Harvard writings of Plato and his early modern and Romantic followers almost regularly more experimental and more deistic Scottish school "official philosophy" reveals it was read in the 19th century.
Student self-direction, the opening of Charles W. Eliot, president 1869-1909, eliminated the curriculum Christianity preferred position. Eliot was the most important figures in American higher education secularization, it is not motivated by the desire to secularize education, but was made by Transcendentalist Unitarian convictions. William Ellery Channing and Ralph Waldo Emerson focused derived from this conviction and dignity of human nature, the ability and the right of every person to perceive the truth and value of God were being moved each person.
20th century
Overlooking the northeast Richard Rummell 1906 watercolor landscape view.
As it can be seen from the Holyoke Center in Harvard Yard
In the 20th century, grew Harvard's international reputation as an emerging donor and prominent professors expanded the scope of the university. The new institute was started and undergraduate college enrollment continued rapid growth as extended. Radcliffe College, the sister school of Harvard College was founded in 1879, it has become one of the most important school for women in the United States. Harvard became a founding member of the Association of American Universities in 1900.
In the early 20th century, student body "old stock, high-status Protestants, especially Episcopalians, Congregationalists and Presbyterians" to the "Wasps" called group (White Anglo-Saxon Protestant. Diversified than in the 1970s was the dominated much.
James Bryant Conant (president, 1933-1953) creative scholarship to guarantee religious supremacy between research institutions. Conant, was so determined to work and develop programs to support talented young people did he see higher education as a right rather than an opportunity-rich tool for talent. In 1943, he wanted to do college-level faculty, as well as a definitive statement about what general education should be secondary. The resulting report, published in 1945, was one of the most influential manifestos in the history of American education in the 20th century.
With different application 1945-1960 admissions policies were opened to bring students from the pool. Now select wealthy graduates often drawing of the New England prep school, undergraduate college students from middle class is now open efforts in public schools; many more Jews and Catholics were admitted, but few blacks, Hispanics or Asians found.
But women took more classes at Harvard, Radcliffe has remained divided. Nonetheless, Harvard's undergraduate population of about four men attending Harvard College for every woman studying Radcliffe has remained predominantly male. Following the merger of Harvard and Radcliffe license application rate of women in 1977, reflecting a trend throughout higher education has increased steadily in the United States. Even before the university institutes that accept large numbers of women and other groups at Harvard, was also different than during the Second World War.
In 1999, Radcliffe College, "Harvard Annex for Women" established in 1879 for the Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study at Harvard University to become officially merged.
21st Century
In 2006, Lawrence Summers of women in top science positions underrepresentation of "internal skills" after suggesting that because of the differences in his presidency, resigned. Later, Drew Gilpin Faust, dean of Radcliffe, became the first woman president of Harvard in 2007.
Campus
university seal
Harvard's 209-acre (85 ha) main campus, in Cambridge, Harvard Yard centered about 3 miles (5 km) west-northwest of downtown Boston State House, and extends into the surrounding Harvard Square neighborhood. Harvard Yard itself Sever Hall and University Hall, Memorial Church and the domestic first-class central administrative offices, including the majority of the university's main library, there are academic buildings. Second, third and senior license along with nine or twelve residential houses in the south of the Charles River near Harvard Yard, lives. The other three half-mile northwest Quadrangle at Yard is located in a residential area Radcliffe merged its residential system with Harvard Radcliffe College students up old houses, (often referred to as quad). Each residential house license, masters and resident house staff room, a dining room and library as well. Yale University graduate Edward Harkness facilities was made possible by a gift.
At Radcliffe College (Radcliffe Institute and home), formerly the center of the campus of Radcliffe Yard, Institute of Education Sciences and is adjacent to the Cambridge Common. Memorial Hall
Memorial Church
Between 2011 and 2013, Harvard University 104 forced sex offenses, 55 robberies, 83 aggravated assaults, 89 reported the crime statistics for burglary and motor vehicle theft main Cambridge campus, including 43 cases.
Satellite facilities
In addition to the major Cambridge / Allston and Longwood campuses from, with Harvard and Boston Jamaica Plain, it operates Arnold Arboretum; Washington, D.C., Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection,.; Petersham, Massachusetts Harvard Forest; Concord, Massachusetts Estabrook Woods in Concord Field Station and Villa I Tatti research center in Florence, Italy. Harvard also operates China Harvard Shanghai Center.
Major campus expansion
Harvard with a major expansion southward purpose of purchased land walking paths along the Charles River in Cambridge Allston. The university has about fifty percent more land than is currently in Cambridge Allston. The new Cambridge campus in Allston campus proposal to connect the new and enlarged bridges, service and / or a tram. Plans are in Allston campus across the Charles River park land and pedestrian access, as well as the construction of bike paths, and replaced with buildings (Harvard's expense) require the sinking of Storrow Drive. Institutions such features as advanced switching infrastructure expansion will be accessible to the public, pointing to the open space and parking shuttles possible public school, but the surrounding communities will benefit claims only.
One of the most important driving forces for Harvard's pending expansion is the goal of increasing the scope and power of science and technology programs. Harvard University Stem Cell Institute and an enlarged Engineering department several interdisciplinary programs, including the home would be Allston two 500,000-square-foot (50,000 m²) research complexes are planning to build.
In addition, Harvard Graduate School of Education at Harvard and the Harvard Public Health intends to move to Allston School. The University also plans to build several new undergraduate and graduate student housing centers in Allston and considering large-scale museums and performing arts complex at the same time.
First Class dormitories of Harvard Yard
Organization and management
governance
Harvard Medical School
College / school year established
Harvard College in 1636
Medicine 1782
Theology 1816
Law 1817
Dentistry 1867
Arts and Sciences, 1872
Business 1908
extension 1910
design 1914
Education 1920
Public Health 1922
government in 1936
Engineering and Applied Sciences 2007
Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Harvard College, Continuing Education Department including Harvard Graduate School of Science and Harvard Summer School and the Harvard Extension School, teaching has primary responsibility. There is also the Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study in.
Harvard's International Advisory Board shall appoint its Chairman and order Harvard University (also known as the Harvard Corporation) President and Fellows of Harvard College, one [clarification needed] administration. There are 16,000 staff and faculty. [51]
2400 Harvard professors, instructors, lecturers and 7200 to inform undergraduate and 14,000 graduate students. Harvard School sports team names and colors daily newspaper, the Harvard Crimson, which are red. A red varieties association in 1858, can be traced back even though color unofficially, a 1875 been the student body (preference for Plato) is accepted Charles William Eliot, then a young graduate student at Harvard will be 21 distinguishable easier or audience, so and for team president (1869-1909), bought red bandanas longest-serving.
Massachusetts Institute of Technology with a joint Harvard-MIT Health Sciences Department programs and Technology, Broad Institute, Observatory of Economic Complexity and EDX facility.
Donation
Harvard has the largest university endowment in the world. As of September 2011, almost it won the 2008 loss suffered during the recession. In September from $ 2010 28000000000, in 2011 it was worth $ 32 billion and has experienced a loss of about 30% of that in 2008-09, $ 26 billion in 2009. In December 2008, Harvard requires its donations budget cuts, October 2008 and July-22% (approximately $ 8 billion) has announced that it lost. Then report the loss of this figure, a donation of almost 50% decline in the first four months alone suggest that more couples actually. In March 2009, Forbes estimated the loss to be in the range of $ 12 billion. One of the most visible results of Harvard's attempt to rebalance the budget had been planned to be completed by 2011. why the local people protested the construction of the $ 1.2 billion Allston Science Complex was their clunky. As of the year 2012, $ 159 million to Harvard University students for a total financial aid available reserves and payment of $ 4,093,000 had a Pell Grant reserve.
Aivestment
Since the 1970s, various campaigns during the genocide in Darfur apartheid South Africa, the tobacco industry, Sudan investment and fossil fuel industry were trying to recover from the Harvard endowment holdings, including campaigns against.
During the isolation of the movement in South Africa in the late 1980s, student activists Harvard Yard symbolic "slum" and South African Vice-Consul Duke built a blockade speech given by Kent-Brown. Harvard Management Company repeatedly refused to divest indicating "operating expenses inexperienced or financially unrealistic by special interest groups should not be subject to strictures or carping." However, in response to pressure at the end of the university $ 230 million (over $ 400 million) by the South African did not reduce the holdings.
Academic Accept
Harvard Undergraduate considered "more selective, lower transfer-in" is characterized by the Carnegie Foundation. Harvard College class of 2019, 5.3% of the second applicant has agreed to a record low and the lowest acceptance rate among all national universities. The program is believed to disadvantage low-income and minority admitted to a selective college Early Action program for 2016 does not adequately represent the class application was revived Harvard College first approved the program ended in 2007.
graduates have been the choice of issue of the license examination office for children adopted policies and priorities have discussion seems to conflict with the concept of rich Caucasus and accept help and meritocratic.
Teach and learn
Massachusetts Hall (1720), Harvard's oldest building.
Harvard Yard
Harvard is a large, very residential research university. this university 46 degree concentrations (majors), since 134 offers 32 graduate and professional degree 1929 Schools and Colleges and is accredited by the New England Association. For the 2008-2009 academic year, undergraduate degree at Harvard in 1664, 400 master's degrees, 512 doctoral degrees and professional degrees awarded 4460.
Harvard's academic programs calendar period starting in early September and runs ending in mid-May. Licenses typically take four courses per semester and keep half an average rate of four classes to be considered full time. In many concentrations, students or senior thesis basic program and / or an honor that requires further study, you can choose to follow the free program. Students who graduate in the top 4-5% of the given class summa cum laude, the next 15% of the class, students are awarded magna cum laude and cum laude given the class the next 30% rating. [Harvard has such a Phi Beta Kappa and various committees and departments as part of the academic honor society in the year of our award several hundred named. Despite evidence that students' body has also increased the quality and motivation of Harvard, among other universities, class inflation accused. [86] Harvard College reduced the number of students get 90% Latin honors in 2004 In 2005, 60% Furthermore, "John Harvard Scholar" and "Harvard College Scholar" the honor will no longer be only the top 5 percent and 5 the next, so each class.
to expel students that academic dishonesty policy to discourage University "cheat culture." In 2012, dozens of students were expelled for cheating after an investigation of more than 120 students. In 2013, he had cheated on homework before entering the university% from as many as 42 first-class universities and a report will be asked to adopt a code of honor of the event.
Annual tuition for the 2012-13 school year the total cost of the $ 57,000 contribution, was $ 38,000. Starting in 2007, $ 60,000 under the children's room and board in families with income, including pay nothing to participate. $ 60,000 $ 80,000 thousand families with income between pay only a few dollars a year and pay more than 10% of families earning between $ 180,000 $ 120,000 annual income. [Further explanation needed] federal support of $ 340 million $ 35 million $ 39 million and other external support has come from corporate funds, in 2009, offered a grant in the amount of $ 414 million to Harvard eleven sections. The grants also loans (8%) and work-study (4%) with the assistance provided by Harvard undergraduates 88% of the total aid for.
Research
[Icon] This section requires expansion. (Sept. 2013)
a founding member of the Association of American Universities of Harvard and "very high" research activities and the arts, science, engineering and medicine in the face of a "comprehensive" continues to be a research university with a PhD program. Research and development expenditures in 2011 amounted to $ 649.7 million from 27 American universities.
Libraries and museums
Widener Library at Harvard University Library system anchor
Harvard University Library System is centered in Widener Library in Harvard Yard and holds more than 18 million volumes contains about 80 separate libraries. According to the American Library Association, this makes it the largest academic library in the United States and one of the largest in the world. Cabot Science Library, Lamont Library, and Widener Library are three of the most popular library license to use, with easy access and central locations. rare books, manuscripts and other special collections are throughout Harvard's libraries; Houghton Library, the Arthur and Elizabeth Schlesinger in the United States Women's History Library and Harvard University Archives consist mainly of rare and unique materials. maps, gazetteers and they are both old and new atlas of America's oldest collection is stored in Pusey Library and open to the public. large collection of East-Asian language material outside of East Asia is held in the Harvard-Yenching Library.
Lamont Library near Henry Moore sculpture Large Four Piece Reclining Figure,
Harvard several artistic, cultural, scientific and museum work. Harvard Art Museum consists of three museums. Arthur M. Sackler Museum, the old Asia, including Islamic and later Indian art collections, Busch-Reisinger Museum, formerly the Germanic Museum, covers central and northern European art and art Fogg Museum, Midwest covers the art of Italian early Renaissance, British pre-Raphaelite and French art of the 19th century to the present, emphasizing the Ages. Harvard Mineralogical Museum and the Natural History Museum, Blaschke Glass Flower exhibitors include Harvard University Herbaria and Comparative Zoology Museum. Other museums, film archives, including Archaeology and Ethnology Museum, Peabody housing cultural history and specializes in the Western Hemisphere civilizations and Sami Museum excavation works, Visual Arts, designed by Le Corbusier, for the Carpenter Center located in the middle East.
university rankings
university rankings
National
ARW 1
Forbes 6
US News & World Report 2
Washington Monthly 8
global
ARW 1
QS 2
6 Times
Harvard has been ranked by the high number of university rankings. In particular, the World University continuously since 2003 (ARW) Academic Ranking was first published fold and such league tables, since the 2011 World Reputation Rankings. The QS and Times-QS World University Rankings 2004-2009 period was published jointly by Harvard was accepted at first every year. University's undergraduate program has been consistently among US News & World Report first two. In 2014, Harvard Academic Performance (URAP) .This University Ranking 2013 by PayScale College of Education Value Rankings 2013-2014 PayScale College Salary Report on 8th and 14th top is in place. Professional Ranking of World Universities: 2011, Mines ParisTech from a survey conducted by the candidate first Princeton Review by the family in 2009, Harvard most common name in the second for the students and parents in both the 2013 "dream college", and was the Fortune Global 500 companies have graduated with a CEO position it took place in the world in terms of number 1 of the Harvard university.
Student Life
The student body demographics
Graduate
and Professional US Census
Asian / Pacific Islander 17% 11% 5%
6% 4% 12% Black / Non-Hispanic
any race 9% 5% 16% of Hispanics
White / non-Hispanic 46% 43% 64%
Mixed Race / Other 10% 8% 9%
International students 11% 27% N / A
Student body
The last six years, the Harvard student population among all the programs varies between 19,000 and 21,000. 6655 Harvard students in undergraduate programs, graduate programs to 10,722 students in 3738 enrolled students and professional programs. Licenses population graduate population, 48% of women and 49% female professional population, 51% of women.
Athletics
Main article: Harvard Crimson
Harvard Stadium, home of Harvard Crimson and the Boston Cannons
2004 Henley Harvard men's eight crew
Cornell-Harvard hockey rivalry match 2006
Harvard Crimson NCAA Division I Ivy League 42 competing interuniversity sport. Harvard, Yale Regatta predates the football match although Harvard has an intense athletic competition resulting Yale Game. Harvard and Yale Track and Field teams are a combined Oxford University and Cambridge University team against the world's oldest continuous international amateur competition when they come together to compete in the competition Although this rivalry is put aside every two years.
Harvard athletic rivalry with Yale dates back to 1875, and often they "play" only referred to in the annual football meeting, coming to a climax each fall, intense in every sport in many ways. Harvard football team in the country as it is now often a century ago in the early days of football (1920 Rose Bowl), which won the best, and when one of Yale have influenced the way the game is played as well. In 1903, the first of its kind in the country at Harvard Stadium introduced a new era into football with permanent reinforced concrete stadium. The structure of the stadium was in fact play a role in the evolution of the college game. Sports in deaths and serious injuries who want to reduce the number of worrying, Walter Camp (former captain of the Yale football team), suggested widening the field to open the game. But the stadium too narrow to accommodate a wider playing surface. So, other steps had to be taken. Camp rather than revolutionary for 1906 season will support the new rules. These forward pass, perhaps the sport's history including legalizing most important rule change.
Lavietes Pavilion as the Harvard basketball team has several sports facilities such as a multi-purpose arena and home. "MAC" Malkin Athletic Center, known as primary recreation facility and also serves as the university and college sports as several satellite locations. five-story building two cardio rooms, an Olympic swimming pool, aquaerobics and other activities, a suspension, kept all kinds of classes, indoor cycling studio, three weight room with a small pool and provides three to the courtroom to play ground ball. MAC offers personal trainers and specialty classes. This Harvard volleyball, fencing and wrestling to host. The school, college coaches are several offices in the MAC.
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